Lack of Individualized Counseling Regarding Risk Factors for Induced Abortion
A Violation of Informed Consent. Part2

Endnotes

1. Atienza, M.F. et al. “Menstrual Extraction”, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 121(4): 490, Feb. l5, 1975 [Back]

2. Dalaker, K. et al. “Early Complications of Induced Abortion in Primigravidae”, Annales Chirurgiae et Gynaecologiae, 70: 331-336, 1985 [Back]

3. Jerve, F. and Fylling, P. “Therapeutic Abortion”, Acta. Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 57: 237, 1978 [Back]

4. Sykes, P. “Complications of Termination of Pregnancy, A Retrospective Study of Admissions to Christchurch Women’s Hospital”, 1989 and 1990, , New Zealand Medical Journal, 106: 83,March l0, 1993 [Back]

5. Chung, C.S. et al. “Induced Abortion and Ectopic Pregnancy in Subsequent Pregnancies”, Am. J. Epidemiology, ll5 (6): 879, 1982 [Back]

6. Gorbach, S.L. and Bartlett, J.G. Infectious Diseases, NR Blacklow (1992), p.887 [Back]

7S.R. vs. City of Fairmont. 280 SE2d 712 (W. Va.1981) [Back]

8. Schulz, K. F., Grimes, D. and Cates, W. Jr. “Measures to Prevent Cervical Injury During Suction Curettage Abortion”, The Lancet, May 28, 1983, p.ll82 [Back]

9. Landy, U. and Lewit, S. “Administrative, Counseling and Medical Practices of National Abortion Federation Facilities”, Family Planning Perspectives 14(5): 257, Sept/Oct 1982 (89% always or usually used metal dilators) [Back]

10. Cates, W. “The Risks Associated with Teenage Abortion”, New England J. Med. 309(11): 612, Sept 15, 1983 [Back]

11. Hern, Warren. Abortion Practice, (1990) p.l83 [Back]

12. Sands, R. X. et al. “Postabortal Uterine Atony”, Obstet. Gynecol. 43(4): 595, April, 1974 [Back]

13. Hern, W. Op. cit. [Back]

14. Frank, P. I. et al. “Induced Abortion Operations and Their Early Sequelae”, J. of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 35:175-180, 1985 [Back]

15. Hern, W. p. 185 [Back]

16. Ibid p. 176-177 [Back]

17. Lawson, H. W. et al. “Abortion Mortality, United States, 1972 through 1987”, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 171: 1365, 1994 [Back]

18. Lowensohn, R. I. and Hibbard, L. T. “Laceration of the Ascending Branch of the Uterine Artery: A Complication of Therapeutic Abortion”, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 118(1): 36, Jan 1, 1974 [Back]

19. Everett, Carol, What I Saw in the Abortion Industry, Easton Pub. Co., Box 1064, Jefferson City, MO 65201 (1988) [Back]

20Guidelines for Women’s Health Care, ACOG: Washington, DC (1996), pp.174-175 [Back]

21. Bracken, Michael B. “A Causal Model of Psychosomatic Reactions to Vacuum Aspiration Abortion”, Social Psychiatry, 13:135-145, 1978 [Back]

22. Smith, G. M., Stubblefield, P. G., Chirchillo, L. and McCarthy, M. J. “Pain of First-trimester Abortion: Its Quantification and Relations”, Am J. Obstet. Gynecol., 133: 489, 1979 [Back]

23. Belanger, E., Melzack, R. and Lauzon, P. “Pain of First Trimester Abortion: A Study of Psychosocial and Medical Predictors”, Pain 36: 339-350 (1989) [Back]

24. Wells, Nancy. “Pain and Distress During Abortion”, Health Care for Women Int'l., 12:293-302, 1991 [Back]

25. Stacey, C.M. and Munday, P. E. “Abdominal Pain in Women Attending a Genito-Urinary Medicine Clinic: who has PID?”, Int’l J. STD and AIDS 5: 338-342 (1994) [Back]

26. Gsellman, Lee E. H. “Physical and Psychological Injury in Women following Abortion: Akron Pregnancy Services Survey”, Association for Interdisciplinary Research in Values and Social Change 5(4): 1-8, Sept/Oct 1993 [Back]

27. Heisterberg, Lars., Hebjorn, S. and Anderson, L. F. “Sequelae of Induced First-Trimester Abortion”, Am J. Obstet. Gynecol., 155: 76-80, 1986 [Back]

28. Heisterberg, Lars. “Factors Influencing Spontaneous Abortion, Dyspareunia, Dysmenorrhea, and Pelvic Pain”, Obstet. Gynecol. 81: 594 -597, 1993 [Back]

29. Slocumb, J. C. et al. “Anxiety and Depression in Patients with the Abdominal Pelvic Pain Syndrome”, General Hospital Psychiatry, 11: 4-53, 1989 [Back]

30. Walker, E. et al. “Relationships of Chronic Pelvic Pain to Psychiatric Diagnosis and Childhood Sexual Abuse”, Am. J. Psychiatry, 145: 75, 1988 [Back]

31. Walker, F. A. “Dissociation in Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain”, Am. J. Psychiatry, 149: 534-537, 1992 [Back]

32. Kay, L., Jorgensen, T. and KH Jensen, K. H. “Epidemiology of Abdominal Symptoms in a Random Population: Prevalence, Incidence, and Natural History”, Eur. J. Epidemiology, 10(5): 559, Oct 1994 [Back]

33. Velebil, P. et al. “Rate of Hospitalization for Gynecological Disorders among Reproductive-Age Women in the United States”, Obstet. Gynecol., 86: 764 -769, 1995 [Back]

34. Lukens, T. H., Emerman, C. and Effron, D. “The Nature, History and Clinical Findings in Undifferentiated Abdominal Pain”, Annals of Emergency Medicine 22(4): 690, April 1993 [Back]

35. Koopmans, G. T. et al. “Effects of Psychiatric Consultation of Medical Consumption in Medical Outpatients with Abdominal Pain,” Psychosomatics, 36:387-399, 1995 [Back]

36. Henshaw, S. K., Kost, K. “Abortion Patients in 1994-1995: Characteristics and Contraceptive Use”, Family Planning Perspectives, 28: 140, 1996 [Back]

37. Joyce, T. “The Social and Economic Correlates of Pregnancy Resolution Among Adolescents in New York by Race and Ethnicity: A Multivariate Analysis”, Am. J. Public Health 78(6): 626, 1988; Tietze, C. “Repeat Abortions - Why More?”, Family Planning Perspectives 10(5): 286, Sept/Oct 1978 [Back]

38. Strahan, Thomas. “Women’s Health and Abortion: I. Deterioration of Health among Women Repeating Abortion”, Association for Interdisciplinary Research in Values and Social Change 5(1): 1-8, Winter 1993 [Back]

39. Levin, A. et al. “Ectopic Pregnancy and Prior Induced Abortion”, Am. J. Public Health 72(3): 253-256, March 1982; Daling, J. R. et al. “Ectopic Pregnancy in Relation to Previous Induced Abortion”, Journal of the American Medical Association 253(7): 1005-1008, Feb.15, 1985 [Back]

40. Harlap, Susan et al. “A Prospective Study of Spontaneous Fetal Losses After Induced Abortion”, New England Journal of Medicine, 301(13): 677, Sept.27, 1979; Levin, Ann. “Association of Abortion with Subsequent Pregnancy Loss”, Journal of the American Medical Association, 243(24): 2495-2499, June 27, 1980; Obel, E. “Pregnancy Complications Following Legally Induced Abortion with Special Reference to Abortion Technique”, Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 58: 147, 1979; Roht, L. H. et al. “The Association with Multiple Induced Abortions with Subsequent Prematurity and Spontaneous Abortion”, Acta Obstet. Gynecol., Japan 23: 140-145, 1976; Mandelson, M. T. et al. “Low Birth Weight in Relation to Multiple Induced Abortions”, Am. J. Public Health, 82(3): 391, March, 1992; World Health Organization, Special Program of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction: Seventh Annual Report, Geneva, Nov. 1978, Summarized as “Repeat Abortions Increase Risk of Miscarriage, Premature Birth and Low Birth-weight Babies”, Family Planning Perspectives, 11(1): 39-40, Jan./Feb. 1979 [Back]

41. Lopes, A., King, P. A. “The Impact of Multiple Induced Abortions on the Outcome of Subsequent Pregnancy”, Aust. NZ, J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 31(1): 41, 1991 [Back]

42. Freeman, E. et al. “Emotional Distress Patterns Among Women Having First or Repeat Abortions”, Obstet. Gynecol. 55(5): 630, May 1980 [Back]

43. Niemala, P. et al. “The First Abortion and the Last? A Study of the Personality Factors Underlying Failure of Contraception”, Int'l. J. Gynaecol. Obstet. 19: 193, 1981 [Back]

44. Osler, M. et al. “Repeat Abortion in Denmark,” Danish Medical Bulletin, 39(1): 89, Feb. 1992 [Back]

45. Shepard, M. J., Bracken, M. B. “Contraceptive Practice and Repeat Induced Abortion: An Epidemiological Investigation”, J. Biosocial Science, 11: 289, 1979 [Back]

46. Szabady, E., Klinger, A. “Pilot Surveys of Repeated Abortion”, International Mental Health Newsletter, 14: 6, 1972 [Back]

47. Leach, Judith. “The Repeat Abortion Patient”, Family Planning Perspectives, 9(1): 37, Jan/Feb. 1977 [Back]

48. Somers,Ronald. “Risk of Admission to Psychiatric Institutions Among Danish Women Who Experienced Abortion: An Analysis Based Upon Record Linkage”, Dissertation Abstracts Int'l, p.2621-B (1979) [Back]

49. Franco, K. N. et al. “Psychological Profile of Dysphoric Women Postabortion”, Journal of the American Medical Women’s Assoc., 44(4): 113, July/Aug. 1989 [Back]

50. Naziri, D., Tzavaras, A. “Mourning and Guilt Among Greek Women Having Repeated Abortions”, Omega, 26(2): 137, 1992-93 [Back]

51. Brind, J. et al. “Induced Abortion as an Independent Risk Factor for Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analysis”, J. Epidemiology and Community Health, 1996 (in press) [Back]

52. Pegues, D. A.,Engelgau, M. M., Woernle, C. H. “Prevalence of Illicit Drugs Detected in the Urine of Women of Childbearing Age in Alabama Public Health Clinics”, Public Health Reports, 109(4): 530, July/Aug. 1994; Levin, A. et al. “Association of Induced Abortion with Subsequent Pregnancy Loss”, JAMA 243: 2495, June 27, 1980 [Back]

53. Mandelson, M. T. et al. “Low Birth Weight in Relation to Multiple Induced Abortions”, Am. J. Public Health, 82(3): 391, March, 1992; Frank, D. A. et al. “Cocaine Use During Pregnancy: Prevalence and Correlates”, Pediatrics, 82(6): 888, Dec.1988 [Back]

54. Angelo, E. J. “Psychiatric Sequelae of Abortion: The Many Faces of Post-Abortion Grief”, Linacre Quarterly, 59:69, May 1992. [Back]

55. Franko, K. N. Op. cit. [Back]

56. Somers, Ronald. Op. cit. [Back]

57. Pegues, D. A., Engelgau, M. M., Woernle, C. H. Op. cit. [Back]

58. Williams, Gail Barger. “Induced Elective Abortion and Perinatal Grief”, Dissertation Abstracts Int'l, 53(3), p. 1296B (1991) [Back]

59. Barnard, C. A. The Long Term Psychosocial Effects of Abortion, Institute for Pregnancy Loss: Portsmouth, NH (1989) [Back]

60. Gsellman, Lee E. H. Op cit. [Back]

61. Angelo, E. J. Op. cit. [Back]

62. Adler, N. E. et al. “Psychological Responses After Abortion”, Science, 248: 41, April 6, 1990; pp.1194 -1204

—“Psychological Factors in Abortion: A Review”, American Psychologist, Oct. 1992 [Back]

63. Ibid. [Back]

64. “Abortion Surveillance: Preliminary Data United States”, 1992, MMWR 43(5): 930, Dec. 23,1994 [Back]

65. Henshaw, S. K., Kost, K. “Abortion Patients in 1994 - 1995: Characteristics and Contraceptive Use”, Family Planning Perspectives, 28(4): 140, July/Aug. 1996 [Back]

66. Reardon, David. Aborted Women: Silent No More, (1987); Speckhard, Anne C. The Psycho-Social Aspects of Stress Following Abortion, (1987); Vought, Jeanette. Post-Abortion Trauma, 9 Steps to Recovery, (1991) [Back]

67. Franco, K. N. et al. “Psychological Profile of Dysphoric Women Post-abortion”, Journal of the American Medical Women’s Assoc. 44(4): 113, July/Aug. 1989; Speckhard, A., Rue, V. “Post-Abortion Syndrome: An Emerging Public Health Concern”, Journal of Social Issues, 48(3): 95, 1992; Erikson, R. C. “Abortion Trauma: Application of a Conflict Model”, Pre-and Perinatal Psychology Journal, 8(1): 33, Fall, 1993; Fisch, R., Tadmor, O. “Iatrogenic Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder” (letter), The Lancet, Dec. 9, 1989, p.1397 [Back]

68. See generally Major Articles and Books Concerning the Detrimental Effects of Abortion, Rutherford Institute: Charlottesville, VA (1993) [Back]

69. Brind, J. et al. Op. cit. [Back]

70. Willams, Gail. Op. cit. [Back]

71. Barnard, C. A. Op. cit. [Back]

72Major Articles and Books Concerning the Detrimental Effects of Abortion [Back]

73. Landy, U., Lewit, S. “Administrative, Counseling and Medical Practices of National Abortion Federation Facilities”, Family Planning Perspectives, 14(5): 257, Sept/Oct 1982 [Back]

74. Henshaw, S. K. “Factors Hindering Access to Abortion Services”, Family Planning Perspectives, 27(2): 54, March/April 1995 [Back]

75. Grimes, D. A. et al. “Local Versus General Anesthesia: Which is Safer for Performing Suction Curettage Abortions?”, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 135:1030, 1978 [Back]

76. Lawson, H. W. et al. “Abortion Mortality, United States, 1972 through 1987”, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 171: 1365, 1994 [Back]

77. Atrash, H. K. et al. “Legal Abortion Morality in the United States”, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 156: 605, 1987 [Back]

78. Leibowitz, Lynn. “Repression-Sensitization in Abortion Patients: The Effects of Encouraging Emotional Expression”, Dissertation Abstracts Int'l, p.923-B (1979) [Back]

79. Polk-Walker, G. C. “Counseling Implications in a Client’s Choice of Anesthesia During a First or Repeat Abortion”, Nursing Forum, 28(1): 22, Jan/March 1993 [Back]

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